Improving communication about EMF risks by taking into account peoples concerns and prior beliefs; a mental models approach (WC2008-075)
Background
Starting date: 01/07/2009
Natural sources of electromagnetic fields (EMF), such as sunlight and the earth magnetic field, have always been around us. As technology is advancing and electricity demand is growing, people are also increasingly exposed to human made sources of EMF, such as power lines and mobile phone base-stations. Concurrently, there is a growing public concern that exposure to EMF constitutes a potential health hazard. Many studies have shown that low-level EMF produced by electrical power supplies, bases stations and appliances are too small to trigger acute biological effects and there is little evidence for any clear long-term detrimental effects on health.
Because of public concerns and the scientific uncertainties most western countries have adopted a precautionary approach towards EMF technologies. These precautionary measures include the instigation of more research, the minimization of exposure and the provision of information about EMF to the public. The information aims to inform the public about the scientific evidence and actions taken to prevent serious potential harm.
Although providing people with clear and accurate information may improve people's understanding of risk, concerns have been raised as to the possible negative side effects of providing risk information to the public. Several studies show that the communication of the scientific evidence concerning EMF health risks can lead to increased risk perceptions and concerns. Moreover, the communication of minimization strategies seems to amplify people’s risk perception and concerns.